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Illustration of a scene from the rakugo story Shinkei Kasane-ga-fuchi

Shinkei Kasane-ga-fuchiThe Ghost Story of Kasane Pool

真景累ヶ淵(しんけいかさねがふち)

Fukami Shinzaemon, a poor hatamoto (a direct retainer of the shogun), loses his temper over sake and cuts down Minagawa Soetsu, a blind acupuncturist who has come to collect a debt. Years later, Shinzaemon's second son Shinkichi, without knowing the truth, becomes the lover of Soetsu's daughter Toyoshiga, a teacher of Tomimoto-bushi singing. This is a long serial kaidan-banashi (ghost story) created by Sanyutei Encho I. In the yose (variety theaters), performers tell one section at a time, such as the opening, “The Killing of Soetsu,” or “The Death of Toyoshiga.”

Reading
Shinkei Kasane-ga-fuchi. The “ga” is also written with a different character
Category
Kaidan-banashi (ghost story)
Style
Edo (Tokyo style)
Author
Sanyutei Encho I. Written in 1859 (Ansei 6), and said to be Encho's first original work
Title
Originally titled Kasane-ga-fuchi Gojitsu no Kaidan. When it was reworked in the Meiji era as a plain storytelling piece, it was renamed “Shinkei” (true scene), a play on the word shinkei (nerves), a buzzword of the day for the idea that ghosts are just a trick of the nerves. The idea is said to have come from Shinobu Joken, a scholar of Chinese classics
Stenographic record
Serialized in the newspaper Yamato Shimbun in 1887–88 (Meiji 20–21)
Structure
97 chapters in all, combining a ghost-story first half with a second half of killings and revenge. Telling the whole thing is said to take fifteen days at one hour a day
Setting
Nezu, Kohinata and Yanaka in Edo, then Kasane-ga-fuchi in Hanyu Village, Shimosa Province (now Joso City, Ibaraki Prefecture)
Season
Changes from section to section (The Killing of Soetsu takes place in the twelfth month; The Killing of Ohisa at the end of the eighth month)
CategoryKaidan-banashi (ghost story)
CharactersMinagawa Soetsu, the acupuncturistFukami Shinzaemon, the hatamotoFukami Shingoro, the eldest sonShinkichi, the second sonSoetsu's daughters, Toyoshiga (the elder) and Osono (the younger)Ohisa, Toyoshiga's pupilKanzo, the gatekeeper
SettingThe Fukami mansion at Hattorizaka, KohinataNezu Shichiken-choShimosaya, a pawnshop in YanakaKasane-ga-fuchi in Hanyu Village, Shimosa
HighlightsThe masseur who looks like SoetsuToyoshiga's jealousy and the swelling on her faceThe empty kago (palanquin)The chain of a parent's sins falling on the children

The story The Killing of Soetsu to The Death of Toyoshiga

At the end of An'ei 2 (1773), Minagawa Soetsu, a blind acupuncturist living in Nezu Shichiken-cho, lends out the money he has saved bit by bit at high interest. He goes to Fukami Shinzaemon, a poor hatamoto living at Hattorizaka in Kohinata, to demand repayment of thirty ryo. Shinzaemon, who is always drinking, flies into a rage during the argument, draws his sword and cuts Soetsu down. He has a manservant carry the body away in a wicker trunk, but after a series of twists it is found in a tenement near Soetsu's home, and his daughters learn of their father's death.

Soon Shinzaemon's wife falls ill, and masseurs passing in the street are called in to treat her. One night, the face of the masseur they call in looks to Shinzaemon like the man he killed, and he strikes out with his sword. But the one lying on the floor is his wife. Later, Shinzaemon himself is killed while on duty, and the Fukami house is abolished. His young second son, Shinkichi, is taken in and raised by Kanzo, the gatekeeper.

“Fukami Shingoro.” Shingoro, the eldest son, had run away from home. When he comes back, the house has been abolished and both his parents are dead. As he is about to take his own life, the master of Shimosaya, a pawnshop in Yanaka, saves him and takes him into service at the shop. Shingoro falls for Osono, a maid at the same shop, but she is Soetsu's younger daughter. Neither knows who the other is. For some reason Osono finds Shingoro creepy and cannot stand him, and when the desperate Shingoro pushes her down onto some straw, there is an oshikiri (a chopping blade, set edge up) underneath, and Osono dies. Shingoro runs away. Three years later, while fleeing the men sent to arrest him, he steps on another oshikiri and cuts his foot deeply, and he is caught on the anniversary of Osono's death.

“The Death of Toyoshiga.” Nineteen years pass. Toyoshiga, who teaches Tomimoto-bushi (a style of sung narrative with shamisen) in Nezu Shichiken-cho, is Soetsu's elder daughter and is known as a teacher of strict virtue. The one who starts coming to help her is Shinkichi, twenty-one, who has grown up thinking Kanzo is his uncle. One cold night, Toyoshiga, thirty-nine, becomes Shinkichi's lover, but again neither knows of the fate that binds their parents. Gossip spreads and her pupils leave. The only one who still comes is Ohisa, the daughter of a shop selling small goods, who is treated harshly by her stepmother.

Each time she sees Shinkichi and Ohisa laughing together, Toyoshiga burns with jealousy. Then a swelling appears under her eye and spreads quickly until her face is disfigured, and she takes to her bed. Unable to bear nursing her, with her grabbing him by the collar in the middle of the night, Shinkichi goes out and runs into Ohisa. They go up to the second floor of a sushi shop. But suddenly Ohisa's face, too, seems to swell up, and Shinkichi runs off in a panic.

He rushes to the home of his uncle Kanzo, and there Toyoshiga, who should not be able to be there, is waiting. She apologizes for how wrong she has been and says she wants to part with him cleanly. Kanzo arranges a kago (palanquin) to send her home in, and just then a man from her tenement comes to tell them, “The teacher has died.” When they open the door of the kago, it is empty. Back at her home, when they lift the bedding, they find a note Toyoshiga left behind.

Later, in “The Killing of Ohisa,” Shinkichi elopes with Ohisa to Hanyu Village in Shimosa. On a rainy night on the riverbank at Kasane-ga-fuchi, Ohisa falls onto a grass-cutting sickle and cuts her knee. Her face again looks like Toyoshiga's to Shinkichi, and he kills Ohisa with that sickle. From here the story goes on to the second half, which draws in Dote no Jinzo and the other people of Hanyu Village.

The sage the punchline, contains spoilers

Tap to reveal the punchline

“If you take a wife, I will kill as many as seven.”

Because the whole work is one long serial, there is no sage (punchline) of the usual pun kind. The Death of Toyoshiga section closes with the note Shinkichi finds. It sets down her bitterness at Shinkichi for abandoning her while she was ill, and says that if he ever takes a wife, she will kill as many as seven of them. This curse leads into the fate of Ohisa and the other women whose lives become tied to Shinkichi's.

The main sections

The whole work is so long that telling it in full is said to take fifteen days, so performers usually take out one section and tell it on its own. The ghost-story sections of the first half are still often performed today.

SectionWhat happensMain characters
The Killing of SoetsuShinzaemon, drunk, cuts down Soetsu, who has come to collect a debt. The start of all the karmic tiesMinagawa Soetsu, Fukami Shinzaemon
Fukami ShingoroShinzaemon's eldest son falls for Soetsu's younger daughter Osono, who does not return his feelings, and causes her death on the blade of an oshikiriFukami Shingoro, Osono
The Death of ToyoshigaThe love affair between Shinzaemon's second son Shinkichi and Soetsu's elder daughter Toyoshiga. Toyoshiga, her face disfigured by jealousy, dies bearing a grudgeShinkichi, Toyoshiga, Ohisa, Kanzo
The Killing of OhisaShinkichi and Ohisa elope to Hanyu Village in Shimosa, and on the riverbank at Kasane-ga-fuchi Shinkichi kills OhisaShinkichi, Ohisa, Dote no Jinzo
The second halfStarting from a man's desire for the wife of the village head, it tells of killings driven by lust and greed, their karmic retribution, and revenge. The final episode is “The Confession of Okuma”Shinkichi and other people of Hanyu Village

Key scenes original dialogue written for this site

Demanding the money

  • SoetsuMy lord, I have come about the money I lent you. Today, at least, I must ask you to repay some of it. I have come all this way leaning on my stick.
  • ShinzaemonEnough, Soetsu. I have told you I will pay when I am able.
  • SoetsuHow many times have I come to ask when that will be? A samurai's promise ought to mean more than that.
  • ShinzaemonSilence. Say one more word and you will regret it.

The masseur

  • ShinzaemonHere, masseur, go easier. That goes right to the bone.
  • MasseurIs this too much, my lord? It was nothing like the pain of taking your sword...
  • (Shinzaemon turns around, sees the masseur's face with its sightless eyes open, and freezes.)

The empty kago

  • Man from the tenementShinkichi, where have you been wandering? The teacher has breathed her last.
  • ShinkichiStop joking. The teacher just got into that kago right there...
  • (He mimes gently sliding open the door of the kago, peers inside, and backs away.)
  • Shinkichi...Uncle, she's not there. There's nobody inside.

This is not a transcription of any storyteller's performance. The plot follows the classic version; the dialogue was written for this site.

Notable performers

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